热身 Warm up

1  给下面的词语选择对应的图片  Match the pictures with the words.

2  将下面的动词与补语相连，并朗读

Match the verbs with the complements, and then read the phrases aloud.

1 可能补语：V得/不 + Complements of Possibility
Complements of Possibility Introduced by “V得/不”

汉语中用“V得 + Complements”或“V不 + Complements”表示能否实现某种结果或达到某种目的。“V得 + Complements”是肯定形式，“V不 + Complements”是否定形式。“得”后的补语常常是结果补语、趋向补语、一些形容词或动词。疑问形式是“V得 + Complements V不 + Complements”或“V得 + Complements 吗”。

In Chinese, “V得 + Complements” or “V不 + Complements” can be used to indicate whether or not a result can be obtained or a goal be reached. “V得 + Complements” is the positive form, and “V不 + Complements” is the negative form. The complements used in this structure are usually complements of result or direction, and certain adjectives or verbs. The interrogative form is “V得 + Complements V不 + Complements” or “V得 + Complements 吗”. For example:

（1）我看得清楚那个汉字。
（2）楼太高了，我上不去。
（3）老师说的话你听得见听不见？
（4）我找不到好饭馆。

练一练 Practise

完成句子 Complete the sentences.

（1）你说话说得太快了，我______。
（2）那么多饭你______？
（3）今天的作业一点儿也不多，7点以前______。

2 “呢”询问处所：“N+呢”
“N+呢”Used to Ask about Location

汉语中，“名词+呢”表示询问人或者事物在哪儿。如“妈妈呢？”表示询问“妈妈在哪儿？”“小狗呢？”的意思是“小狗在哪儿？”。例如：

In Chinese, “Noun + 呢” is used to ask about where somebody or something is. For example, “妈妈呢？”means “where is mom?”, and “小狗呢？”means “where is the dog?”. For example:

（1）A: 你的书呢？放在哪儿了？
B: 就在桌子上啊。

（2）A: 我的眼镜呢？你看见了吗？
B: 我没看见啊。

练一练 Practise

完成对话 Complete the dialogues.

（1）A: 你的手机呢？
B: ______。

（2）A: 你的车呢？
B: ______。

（3）A: ______？
B: 爸爸拿走了。

3  “刚”和“刚才”    Comparison of “刚”and “刚才”

“刚”是副词，“刚才”是名词，都表示动作发生的时间不长，但是“刚才”常常表示几分钟以前，“刚”表示的时间短，是对说话人来说的，可以是几分钟、几天甚至几个月。比如：“我刚来中国两个月”，表示对说话人来说，两个月时间很短。“刚”只能用在动词前，“刚才”可以用在动词前，也可以放在句子前边。

The adverb “刚”and the noun “刚才”both indicate that the action has happened not long ago. However, “刚才”usually means several minutes ago, while “刚”means a short time from the speaker’s point of view, which can be several minutes, a few days, even months. For example, "我刚来中国两个月"(I've been in China for only two months) shows that the speaker considers two months a short period of time. "刚"is only used right before the verb, while "刚才"can be used before the verb or at the beginning of the sentence.

下边是“刚”和“刚才”的对比：
Compare the following sentences with "刚"and "刚才":

● 练一练 Practise

用“刚”或“刚才”填空 Fill in the blanks with “刚”or “刚才”。

(1) ______你去哪儿了？

(2) 我 ______做完作业，真累啊！

(3) 白先生 ______到北京，还没休息呢。