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To môlie bù shào yīfu
她买了不少衣服
She has bought quite a few clothes
热身
Warm-up
给下面的词语选择对应的图片
Match the pictures with the words/phrases.
A
B
C
D
E
píngguǒ
苹果
shāngdiàn
商店
chē
车
shūdiàn
书店
yīfu
衣服
Yīngyú shū
英语 书
课文
Text
1. 在宿舍 In the dorm 14-1
Zuótiān shàngwú nǐ qù nǎr le?
A: 昨天 上午 你去哪儿了?
Wǒ qù shāngdiàn mǎi dōngxi le.
B: 我去 商店 买东西了。
Nǐ mǎi shénme le?
A: 你买什么了?
Wǒ mǎile yidiǎn rì píngguǒ.
B: 我买了一点儿苹果。
English Version
A: Where did you go yesterday morning?
B: I went shopping.
A: What did you buy?
B: I bought some apples.
New Words
1. 东西 dōngxi n. thing, stuff
2. 一点儿 yidiǎn r. num.-m. a few,
a little
3. 苹果 píngguǒ n. apple
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2 在公司 In the company 14-2
English Version
A: Have you seen Mr. Zhang?
B: Yes. He has gone to a driving lesson.
A: When can he come back?
B: After 40 minutes.
Nǐ kànjiàn Zhāng xiānsheng le ma?
A: 你看见 张 先生了吗?
Kànjiàn le, tā qù xué kāi chē le.
B: 看见了,他去学开车了。
Tā shénme shīhou néng huílai?
A: 他什么时候能回来?
Sìshí fēnzhōng hòu huílai.
B: 40 分钟后回来。
New Words
4. 看见 kànjiàn v. to see
5. 先生 xiānsheng n. Mr., sir
6. 开 kāi v. to drive
7. 车 chē n. car, vehicle
8. 回来 huílai v. to come back
9. 分钟 fēnzhōng n. minute
10. 后 hòu n. after, afterwards, later
Proper Noun
张 Zhāng Zhang, a Chinese family name
3 在商店门口 Outside a store 14-3
Wáng Fāng de yīfu tài piàoliang le.
A: 王 方的衣服太漂亮了!
Shì a, tā mǎile bùshǎo yīfu.
B: 是啊,她买了不少衣服。
Nǐ mǎi shénme le?
A: 你买什么了?
Wǒ méi mǎi, zhèxiě dōu shì Wáng Fāng de dōngxi.
B: 我没买,这些都是王 方的东西。
English Version
A: Wang Fang’s dress is so pretty!
B: Yes. She has bought quite a few clothes.
A: What did you buy?
B: I bought nothing. All these are Wang Fang’s stuff.
New Words
11. 衣服 yīfu n. clothes
12. 漂亮 piàoliang adj. beautiful, pretty
*13. 啊 a part.
a modal particle used at the end of a sentence as a sign of confirmation or defense
14. 少 shǎo adj. little, few
不少 bùshǎo adj. quite a few, many
15. 这些 zhèxiě pron. these
16. 都 dōu adv. both, all
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# 标准教程 1
Standard Course 1
## 注释 Notes
### “了”表发生或完成 “了”Indicating Occurrence or Completion
“了”用于句尾。例如:
“了”can be used at the end of a sentence. For example:
| Subject | Predicate | 了 |
|---|---|---|
| 我 | 去商店 | 了 |
| 他 | 去学开车 | 了 |
| 你 | 买什么 | 了 |
“了”用于动词后带宾语。动词后的宾语前面一般要有定语,如数量词或形容词、代词等。例如:
“了”can also be used between a verb and its object. There is usually a modifier before the object of the verb, such as a numeral classifier, an adjective or a pronoun, etc. For example:
| Subject | Predicate | 了 |
|---|---|---|
| Verb | Number-Measure Word/Adjective/Pronoun | Object |
| 她 | 买 | 一点儿 | 苹果 |
| 我 | 买 | 不少 | 衣服 |
| 你 | 看见 | 几个 | 人 |
上述两种用法的“了”的否定形式是:没+动词(+宾语),“了”要去掉。例如:
The negative form of “了”in both cases above is “没 + verb + (object)”. In the negative form, “了”should be omitted. For example:
| Subject | 没 | Predicate |
|---|---|---|
| 她 | 没 | 去商店 |
| 我 | 没 | 买 |
| 我 | 没 | 看见张先生 |
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2 名词“后” The Noun “后”
名词“后”表示现在或者所说的某个时间以后的时间。例如:
The noun “后” indicates a period after the present time or the time being mentioned. For example:
(1) 五点后 40分钟后 星期三后
(2) A: 你几点去工作?
B: 八点后。
(3) A: 你什么时候回家?
B: 五点后。
(4) A: 他什么时候能回来?
B: 40分钟后回来。
3 语气助词“啊” The Modal Particle “啊”
语气词“啊”用在陈述句末,使句子带上一层感情色彩。“啊”常受到前一字尾音的影响而发生不同的变音,书面上有时按变音写成不同的字。
The modal particle “啊” is used at the end of a declarative sentence to set the mood.
The pronunciation of “啊” varies with the finals of the syllables before it, and in written Chinese, the variants are represented by different characters sometimes.
| The Final of the Syllable before It | The Pronunciation of “啊” |
|---|---|
| a e i o ü | a → ia |
| u ao ou | a → ua |
| -n | a → na |
| -ng | a → nga |
| -i (zi, ci, si 中) | a → za |
| -i (zhi, chi, shi, ri 中) | a → ra |
(1) A: 你是王小姐吗?
B: 是啊。
(2) A: 你想去吃中国菜吗?
B: 好啊。
(3) A: 王方的衣服太漂亮了!
B: 是啊,她买了不少衣服。
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4 副词 “都” The Adverb “都”
“都” 表示总括全部,所总括的对象必须放在 “都” 的前面。例如:
“都” means “both/all”. The people or objects included are put before “都”. For example:
(1) 我们都是中国人。
(2) 他们都喜欢喝茶。
(3) 这些都是王方的东西。